ryochiji ([info]ryochiji) wrote,
@ 2009-02-03 14:04:00
Previous Entry  Add to memories!  Tell a Friend  Next Entry
on cultural identity
I'm almost done reading Namesake, a novel about a boy named Gogol Ganguli, a US-born son of Bengali immigrants who for most of his childhood resists his cultural heritage, but ultimately comes to embrace it as a young adult. As a US-born son of immigrants, I thought there'd be something in the book that I could relate to, but it turns out that there isn't. Unlike Gogol, I don't really have a cultural heritage to resist. I consider myself to be American, but that is mostly a declaration of citizenship, not a declaration of cultural identity. In fact, I am comfortable declaring my self an American precisely because of the lack of any cultural identity such a label would imply. We spoke Japanese at home, followed some Japanese customs, but I was never socially acculturated in Japan, which makes me, culturally, a foreigner (a fact, unfortunately, that Japanese people won't admit to due to my appearances and lack of any noticeable accent). I also don't consider myself Japanese American, or Asian American; both of which imply a relatively well defined subculture.

The odd thing is, I don't spend a lot of time thinking about my cultural identity at all. True, I don't fit in anywhere. I have a hard time finding people I can relate to. But to me, all these things are orthogonal to my heritage. I don't fit in because I'm different. It's not because we spoke Japanese at home. It's not because I didn't grow up in the US. It's not because I grew up in Germany. It's because I am who I am, and who I am is very different to those around me. In reality, yes, I am different, at least partially, because of how and where I was raised. But that history offers me no solution. Unlike Gogol, I can't go marry someone from my childhood community who was raised in a similar environment as I was (not that that worked out for him), because no such community exists. I don't know a single person who's a US born child of Japanese immigrants, who speaks Japanese and English natively, who grew up outside the US, and is now back in the US (not even my own brother fits this description). So what difference does it make? I might as well be a weirdo from Idaho.

Most of my friends, and all my past girlfriends, have been white Americans. Although this may be partially circumstantial, I think I am more comfortable around white Americans than non-white Americans because white Americans don't think of themselves as having been shaped by their heritage. For me, when I say I'm "Japanese", it's similar to when someone from Minnesota says they're "part German, part Swedish, part Irish". Sure, I might speak my ancestral language and know more about its culture, but as far as I'm concerned, it doesn't define me. This is less the case with non-white Americans, who have a much stronger racial and/or cultural identity. Sometimes I'll joke that I'm a banana or a twinkie, but the whiteness implied in those terms also differ from how I see it. As darkness is the absence of light, I see white as the absence of color. To me it is a blank slate, a fresh canvas, a post-racial, post-cultural identity. It is the promise of being an individual here and now, unburdened by one's heritage, free to color it, or not, as one wishes. It is the color of freedom, and that, is what I identify with.



(13 comments) - (Post a new comment)


[info]talentedmrraber
2009-02-03 11:26 pm UTC (link)
As darkness is the absence of light, I see white as the absence of color. To me it is a blank slate, a fresh canvas, a post-racial, post-cultural identity. It is the promise of being an individual here and now, unburdened by one's heritage, free to color it, or not, as one wishes. It is the color of freedom, and that, is what I identify with.

I think that historically, in the US, whiteness is defined as the absence of color --- primarily of blackness, but also to a lesser extent of brownness, yellowness, and redness. Many people, though, consider this definition a problem, because it sets up white as the "unmarked" category, which is a position of considerable privilege.

White people (especially men) are most often perceived as just "people," as you say (white women might be more often perceived as just "women") --- but this perception creates exactly the kind of pressures on non-white people that you identify in the first part of your post. A non-white person is generally perceived as marked by some kind of cultural identity that both adds to and restricts the category of "person." Adds to, because of some assumed positive cultural content ("that Asian guy is probably studious and respectful towards his elders"); restricts, because of the same kind of assumptions ("but he probably wouldn't be interested in my country music collection").

However, you're right that more and more Americans wish for the "freedom" to be seen as culturally unmarked (at least in some areas of their lives, such as the workplace). It's just a shame that the "color of freedom" should be white.

(Reply to this) (Thread)


[info]ryochiji
2009-02-04 12:05 am UTC (link)
>non-white person is generally perceived as marked by some kind of cultural identity that both adds to and restricts the category of "person."

What's interesting to me is that I feel like I am judged by my physical appearances more in Japan than I am here. Because I look Japanese, in Japan, people won't accept that I may not be Japanese, that I may not behave or think like the Japanese. Here, I'm sure people notice that I look non-white, but I've never really felt "marked" in a way that I've found intrusive. I've been mistaken as being black, native american, and hispanic, but I never felt like that interpretation of my person went beneath the skin. It's almost like some people say I have black eyes as oppose to brown eyes. Of course, this just might be that my own interpretation of color makes me immune to underlying assumptions that others might have, but either way, as far as I'm concerned, I've never personally observed this "mark" that you speak of.

The only exceptions are self inflicted. My parents are pretty open minded and accept my identity as I've chosen to form it, but that's often not the case with other Asian parents. They push their culture onto their kids, or Asians tend to hang out with other Asians and perpetuate their own subculture. But those who choose to break free, can, and I think that's what matters. The color that's associated? It's just a color, if you ask me. White's as good a color as any other. Why wouldn't it be?

(Reply to this) (Parent)(Thread)


[info]talentedmrraber
2009-02-04 03:43 am UTC (link)
White's as good a color as any other. Why wouldn't it be?

It is indeed as good a color as any. The problem is that there is a "color of freedom" at all --- because, of course, only a certain subset of people can actually BE that color. Everyone else would just have to consider themselves white on the inside but non-white on the outside --- which creates all kinds of problems when people assume that you identify with the color that you are on the outside (a very reasonable assumption).

(Reply to this) (Parent)(Thread)


[info]ryochiji
2009-02-04 07:03 pm UTC (link)
>because, of course, only a certain subset of people can actually BE that color.

Why so? In this day and age when a man can choose to be a "she" and a woman a "he", why do we still need to cling to this arbitrary and artificial (and obsolete) notion that one's color must match the color of their skin, or that the color of a person's skin means anything at all?

>which creates all kinds of problems when people assume that you identify with the color that you are on the outside (a very reasonable assumption).

I don't think that's "very reasonable" at all. Thinking that you can make assumptions about a person based on how they look is the root cause of racism. And what "problems" do you mean? I am white on the inside and non-white on the outside, and have never experienced any "problems" in the US. I've never felt like I was being treated differently because of how I look. Nobody's ever told me that I can't be or do what I want because of the color of my skin. I've experienced racism in Japan, but not here.

(Reply to this) (Parent)(Thread)


[info]talentedmrraber
2009-02-04 10:04 pm UTC (link)
In this day and age when a man can choose to be a "she" and a woman a "he", why do we still need to cling to this arbitrary and artificial (and obsolete) notion that one's color must match the color of their skin, or that the color of a person's skin means anything at all?

Gender can be performed, but skin color can't be. Barring skin-altering plastic surgery, one can't choose to be seen as any color other than the color one has by birth. I agree, though, that it might be nice if skin color had no particular meaning ... in fact that's just what I was trying to say when I objected to the idea of a "color of freedom." That idea presupposes that colors have meanings.

Thinking that you can make assumptions about a person based on how they look is the root cause of racism.

I think a more precise definition of "racism" would be "the belief that skin color is necessarily linked with other natural characteristics, especially so as to distinguish superior from inferior races." But I would draw a very sharp line between the assumption of natural and acquired characteristics. Once you know the statistics on, say, African-American high school graduation rates (about 50%, I think I just read?), you can assume that African-Americans in, say, entry level food service type jobs, are somewhat likely to not have a high school diploma. This, of course, isn't to say that you can be certain that any given person does or doesn't have a diploma. In the event that you cared whether they did or not, though, that statistical data, coupled with the evidence of a person's race, would allow you to make an educated guess.

Must this guess be "racist"? I'd say no, especially because such a guess might actually be useful in ameliorating the very lack of education that it concerns. For example, it might be helpful to someone who was trying to figure out where to schedule GED classes.

None of this would be equivalent, nor even close, to suggesting that there is a racial component to intelligence.

Anyhow, my main point is simply that as long as we associate the "freedom" to belong to the unmarked mainstream of American culture with the color white, we create differential effects among whites and nonwhites. That much should be incontestable. Because these differential effects are probably prejudicial to nonwhites, it would be best to decouple the freedom to be mainstream from any color association whatsoever.

(Reply to this) (Parent)(Thread)


[info]ryochiji
2009-02-04 11:03 pm UTC (link)
>Gender can be performed, but skin color can't be.

My assertion is that skin color can't be performed, but color can be. Note that in my mind, those two are completely independent. "Skin color" is a physical property (like hair color), while "color" is a cultural identity. To me, "white" isn't the color of one's skin, but a certain way of existence. So, I don't see why white being equated with freedom is problematic, because it is not in any way associated or dependent on skin color. Neither is any other color. A dark skinned person born and raised in Japan is yellow. A fair skinned person born and raised in a Africa might be black. A Chinese orphan raised by white parents might be white.

>Once you know the statistics on, say, African-American high school graduation rates (about 50%, I think I just read?), you can assume that African-Americans ... are somewhat likely to not have a high school diploma.

Combine that with the assumption that Asians have, say, an 80% graduation rate (made that up), it would be reasonable for an employer to not hire someone for being African American, and hire someone for being Asian. That is how racism happens in the real world. Racism will only stop once we say "we will judge this person as an individual, regardless of their skin color."

>it might be helpful to someone who was trying to figure out where to schedule GED classes.

Except, correlation does not equal causation. So no, it could just as easily be misleading.

>as long as we associate the "freedom" to belong to the unmarked mainstream of American culture with the color white, we create differential effects

I agree if by "the color white" you mean "fair skin". But, again, in my view, "the color white" is just a color, and that's why I don't have a problem associating it with freedom. I guess what I'm seeing is that my views on "color" are different to how other people view it. Given my experiences, I didn't realize how deeply entrenched people's views are in this artificial construct that we call "race". I thought race, as a concept, had by this point been largely discredited and rendered obsolete. But I'm seeing that that is not the case... yet. I remain hopeful that it will happen in the near future, though.

(Reply to this) (Parent)(Thread)


[info]talentedmrraber
2009-02-05 12:08 am UTC (link)
Well, I support your vision of a race-blind future (with some provisos, but that's another story). But why do we need a language of "color" at all, then?

(Reply to this) (Parent)


[info]ithych
2009-02-05 12:52 am UTC (link)
How did you like Namesake as a piece of literature? I saw the movie adaptation and was thinking I might get around to the book sometime.

white Americans don't think of themselves as having been shaped by their heritage.
I don't think that's categorically true. I consider myself "shaped by my heritage" on both my maternal and paternal sides. Though I think, being white, that it's less frequent for other people to make assumptions about how my heritage has shaped me.

On a vaguely related note, it's been very eye-opening the few times that other people have tried to categorize me according to cultural background. Like the first time someone asked me what my "ethnicity" was, and even though it wasn't meant offensively, the clear subtext was "you're not white enough to be white." The problem isn't so much that "white" is a blank slate, per se, it's that many people still have a narrow definition of "white."

(Reply to this) (Thread)


[info]ryochiji
2009-02-07 06:19 am UTC (link)
>How did you like Namesake as a piece of literature?

I'm not much of a literary critic... but, I enjoyed the writing style, which is very fast paced and vivid. It was a perfectly enjoyable read, but I wouldn't say I gained any profound insights from it (but I don't say that as a criticism).

>I consider myself "shaped by my heritage" on both my maternal and paternal sides.

I think the way I phrased it was sort of problematic. I think you're absolutely right, in that as individuals, pretty much everybody is shaped by their heritage, one way or another. I guess what I was trying to say is that, as far as I can tell, my white friends don't look at each other and make any assumptions about the other's background, or make any stereotypes. I feel like people see each other more as unique individuals, and less a member in some subculture. In contrast, I have a hard time hanging out with Asian Americans because I feel like they self perpetuate some of the stereotypes, or at least value their own "Asian Americanness," which is something I can't relate to.

(Reply to this) (Parent)


(Anonymous)
2009-02-07 02:20 am UTC (link)
I have to say, I'm white, by most people's definitions, and I have been extremely shaped by my cultural heritages. Note the plural. I am a half orthodox Jew of eastern European descent, quarter Icelander, quarter midwesterner. My awareness of these legacies, and their commonalities and differences shape my world view. My 20th century immigrant great-grandparents and their life stories shape my views of immigration, for example.

(Reply to this) (Thread)


[info]annabananaface
2009-02-09 12:32 am UTC (link)
Sorry, I didn't realize I wasn't logged in. That last was me.

Anna

(Reply to this) (Parent)

Want to download XRumer 5.0 for free!
(Anonymous)
2009-05-03 07:25 am UTC (link)
Hi, my friends!! I want to get software pack XRumer 5.07 Palladium for FREE. Have you any url?
I'm so need this magic program! It's can break captchas automatically! Activate accounts via email automatically too! Absolutely great software! Help me!
And did you hear news - price for XRumer 5.0 Palladium will grow up to $540 after 15 may 2009... And XRumer 2.9 and 3.0 - too old versions, it's cant break modern catpchas and cant break modern anti-bot protections. But XRumer 5.0 Palladium CAN!!!!
So help me for download this great soft for free! Thanks!

(Reply to this) (Thread)

Re: Want to download XRumer 5.0 for free!
(Anonymous)
2009-06-23 09:51 am UTC (link)
CULTURAL IDENTITY

Cultural identity is the identity of a group or culture, or of an individual as far as one is influenced by one's belonging to a group or culture. Cultural identity is similar to and has overlaps with, but is not synonymous with, identity politics. Cultural identity remarks upon: place, gender, race, history, nationality, language, sexual orientation, religious beliefs, ethnicity, and aesthetics. Culture, as a social practice, is not something that individuals possess. Rather, it is a social process in which individuals participate, in the context of changing historical conditions. As a "historical reservoir", culture is an important factor in shaping identity. Some critics of cultural identity argue that the preservation of cultural identity, being based upon difference, is a divisive force in society, and that cosmopolitanism gives individuals a greater sense of shared citizenship. That is not to always be divisive. When considering practical association in international society, states may share an inherent part of their 'make up' that gives common ground, and alternate means of identifying with each other. Examples can be taken from both old and contemporary world order. In the old world order European states shared a high level of cultural homogeneity, due to their common history of "frequently violent relationships, and Greco-Roman cultural origins" (Brown 2001). Brown also argues that the Western invention of the nation-state has proven to be an appealing and homogenising factor to many cultures.
In education, cultural identity should be considered also: The quality of education should be directed to the development of the child’s personality, talents and abilities to their fullest potential, and to preparation of the child for responsible life in a free society, in a spirit of tolerance and respect for human rights, the natural environment, the child’s parents and cultural identity, and civilizations different from his or her own.
The impact of globalization in the cultural sphere has been associated with the destruction of cultural identities, victims of the accelerating encroachment of a homogenized, westernized, consumer culture. Anti-globalization activists (Shepard and Hayduk2002) tends to interpret globalization as a seamless extension of – indeed, as aeuphemism for – western cultural imperialism. Identity,then, like language, was not just a description of cultural belonging.



PRAVIN KUMAR PATEL
BANARAS HINDU UNIVERSITY VARANASI
UTTAR PREDESH



(Reply to this) (Parent)


(13 comments) - (Post a new comment)

Create an Account
Forgot your login or password?
Login w/ OpenID
English • Español • Deutsch • Русский…